tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10156402192745124812024-03-13T14:55:32.634+03:00Siasa YanguA Personal Reflection on Domestic and International PoliticsNico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.comBlogger315125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-38108010089240172762020-02-04T07:14:00.000+03:002020-02-04T07:14:39.415+03:00[ZELEZA] Malawi’s Political Earthquake: Nullification of the Presidential Elections<div style="text-align: justify;">
By Prof Paul Tiyambe Zeleza </div>
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3/2/2020</div>
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The Malawian Constitutional Court has annulled last year's presidential election results. They cited massive irregularities. Prof. Paul Tiyambe Zeleza, a history scholar who hails from Malawi analyzes the historic nullification of a fraudulent May 2019 elections. He cites it as a watershed moment for the country. You can read his analysis in this <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/malawis-political-earthquake-nullification-elections-zeleza/" target="_blank">link</a>.</div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-18363290755997757492019-06-05T14:55:00.000+03:002019-06-05T14:55:20.747+03:00Changamoto, Maboresho na Mbadala Viti Maalumu: Utekelezaji Wa Kifungu Namba 168(a) Cha Ilani ya CCM-2015-2020<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">BARUA YA WAZI KWA MWENYEKITI NA KATIBU MKUU CCM</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Na Victoria Lihiru </span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Waheshimiwa Viongozi wa Chama cha Mapinduzi (CCM),<o:p></o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Ilani
ya CCM kupitia kifungu namba 168(a) inasema<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">
‘Katika kipindi cha utekelezaji wa Ilani ya 2015 – 2020, Chama kitaielekeza
Serikali kuendelea kuweka utaratibu wa kikatiba na kisheria utakaowawezesha
wanawake kushika nafasi sawa (50/50) za uongozi katika vyombo vya maamuzi
katika ngazi zote.</i>’ Kifungu hiki kinaweka wazi nia ya CCM kuchukua hatua muhimu
kuhakikisha wanawake na wanaume wanashiriki kikamilifu katika ngazi za kutoa
maamuzi.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bunge kama chombo kikubwa cha
maamuzi kuna uwakilishi wa wanawake upatao asilimia 37, asilimia 30 ikiwa ni
wanawake waliopatikana kwa utaratibu wa viti maalum na asilimia 7 wakitokea
majimboni. Ikimaanisha kuwa kuna upungufu wa wanawake kwa asilimia 13 ndani ya
bunge ili kufikia 50/50 inayozungumziwa na kifungu cha 168(a) katika Ilani ya
CCM. Kati ya madiwani wapatao 4000 nchini Tanzania, wanawake madiwani
waliochaguliwa kutoka kwenye kata ni takribani 240 sawasawa na asilimia 5 tu. Tasnifu
yangu ya Shahada ya Uzamivu inaangazia kwa undani masuala ya sheria
zinazowawezesha au kuwakwamisha wanawake kushiriki katika ngazi za maamuzi. Baada
ya kuonana na wanawake wanasiasa ikiwemo madiwani na wabunge wa kuchaguliwa na
wale wa viti maalum, matokeo ya utafiti huu yanaonyesha kuwa utekelezaji wa
viti maalumu japokuwa umetuletea baadhi ya mafanikio, haufuati malengo ya kuanzishwa
kwake; -<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Changamoto za Viti Maalumu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Mosi,
ni kuhusu hadhi ya viti maalum, kuna kanuni na miongozo inayozuia madiwani viti
maalumu kuwa wajumbe katika kamati za maadili katika kata zetu. Katika
Halmshauri nyingine kuna mazoea ya kutowarusu madiwani viti maalumu kuwa
wajumbe wa kamati za fedha. Hata kwenye zile Kamati ambao wanawake viti maalumu
ni wajumbe mfano kamati za Ukimwi, Huduma za Jamii, na Mipango Miji, wanawake
hawa hawaruhusiwi kuwa wenyeviti wa kamati hizo. Pia kuna sheria zinazowanyima
fursa madiwani viti maalumu kuwa meya, naibu meya, wenyeviti wa halmashauri za majiji,
miji na wilaya. Madiwani viti maalumu hawaruhusiwi hata kukaimu uenyekiti wa
kamati ya maendeleo ya kata ikiwa diwani wa kuchaguliwa ana udhuru. Kuna baadhi
ya kata ni bora kwa mwenyekiti wa Kijiji ama mtaa kukaimu uwenyekiti wa kamati
ya maendeleo ya kata kuliko diwani viti maalumu. Katika hili tukumbuke kuwa
wabunge viti maalum nao ni madiwani katika kata zao. Kwa upande wa Bunge, ile kanuni
ya kutoruhusu wabunge viti maalumu kupata fedha za maendeleo, na kifungu cha
Katiba kinachowanyima fursa wabunge viti maalumu kuteuliwa kuwa waziri mkuu vinawaweka
wanawake viti maalumu katika hadhi ya chini. Kimsingi, sheria, kanuni na mazoea
yanayowanyima wanawake viti maalumu fursa uongozi katika halmashauri na bunge, zinatoa
taswira kuwa kama taifa tumewaweka wanawake viti maalumu katika hadhi ya chini,
na tumesha weka hitimisho kuwa wanawake viti maalum hawana uwezo wa kuongoza
ama kuwa sehemu ya maamuzi fulani. Hii ni kinyume na malengo ya kuanzishwa kwa
viti maalumu chini ya kifungu namba 4 cha Mkataba wa Kuondoa aina zote za
Ubaguzi dhidi ya wanawake maarufu kwa Kiingereza <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">the </i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Convention on the Elimination of All Forms
of Discrimination against Women</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> (CEDAW) wa mwaka 1979, ambapo Tanzania ni mwanachama.
Mkataba huu </span><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">unatambua viti maalumu kama <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hatua
za mpito</i></b> ambazo <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hazitakiwi kukumbatia ama kuleta unyanyasaji
na unyanyapaa kwa wanawake.</i></b> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Pili, viti maalumu vimekuwa vikiwanufaisha wanawake wachache licha
ya lengo lake la kuwajengea uwezo na uzoefu wanawake wengi ili waende kwenye
siasa za majimbo. Tangu kuanzishwa kwa viti maalum takribani miaka 34
iliyopita, mpaka sasa Tanzania ina wanawake asilimia 7 tu kutoka majimboni. Hivyo,
kwa miongo takribani mitatu na ushee, na kama vikifutwa leo, viti maalumu vitakuwa
vimefikia lengo lake kwa asilimia 7 tu. Moja kati ya mizizi ya tatizo hili ni
kutokuwepo kwa ukomo wa muda kwa mwanamke mmoja kuwa mwakilishi kupitia viti
maalumu. Ukomo wa uwakilishi wa viti maalumu, kama ungekuwa vipindi viwili tu, ungewezesha
wanawake wengi kwenda kushindana majimboni/katani, na kutoa fursa ya kada
nyingine ya wanawake kupata uzoefu wa kisiasa. Mpangilio huu ungesaidia kupiga
hatua za msingi na za haraka katika kufikia 50/50. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Kuna hoja kuwa wabunge ni wabunge na madiwani ni madiwani, hivyo
kama mbunge wa jimbo/diwani wa kata hana ukomo pia mbunge/diwani wa viti maalum
asiwe na ukomo ikiwa tu ataendelea kushinda kura za wale wanaowapigia kura. Tukumbuke
kuwa wanawake viti maalumu japokuwa wana majukumu ya kibunge/kidiwani pia wanatumikia
lengo la nyongeza. Wako katika viti hivyo ili kupata uzoefu utakaowawezesha kushiriki
katika siasa za ushindani, kwa hiyo wanawake wengi zaidi inabidi wapate fursa
ya kupata uzoefu huo. Kuwekwa kwa ukomo wa kuwa mbunge wa kiti maalum kutaendana
na malengo ya kuanzishwa vitu maalum katika kifungu namba 4 </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">cha CEDAW k</span><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">inachotambua
juhudi hizi kuwa ni <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hatua za mpito</i></b> ili kurekebisha changamoto ambazo zimekuwa
zikiwakwamisha wanawake kushiriki kikamilifu katika vyombo mbalimbali vya
maamuzi. Kutokuwa na ukomo wa kisheria ama kikanuni kunawapa wanawake walio katika
viti maalumu faida ya ziada katika kuendelea kuhodhi viti hivyo, kwa kuwa wana
mtandao mkubwa katika chama na katika mabaraza ya wanawake ya vyama, faida ambayo
wanawake wanaowania viti maalumu kwa mara ya kwanza hawana. Hili suala la
uhodhi wa viti maalumu ni la vyama vyote, lakini kwa kutumia nafasi yake kama
chama tawala CCM inawajibu wa kutenda kwa mfano, ili kuhakikisha viti maalumu
vinatekelezwa kwa namna inayokidhi madhumuni ya kuanzishwa kwake hususani
kuwapa wanawake wengi fursa ya kupata uzoefu wa kisiasa kuelekea majimboni.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Maboresho Viti Maalumu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Kutokana
na changamoto tajwa hapo juu, njia ya kwanza ya CCM kutekeleza ahadi yake
katika kifungu cha 168(a) cha Ilani ya Mwaka 2015-2020 ni kuielekeza serikali
hususani Wizara ya Katiba na Sheria, Tume ya Ttawala Bora na Haki za Binadamu
ili vijadiliane na Tume ya Uchaguzi ya Taifa ambayo kikatiba inamamlaka ya
kupokea orodha ya wanawake wanaopendekezwa na vyama vya siasa kushika nafasi za
viti maalumu kulingana na uwiano wa kura wanazo pata, kuwa ili kuendana na
malengo ya uanzishwaji wa viti maalum, majina yanayopendekezwa kwenye Tume ya
Uchaguzi yasiwe ya wale wanawake waliokwisha kuwa kwenye viti maalumu kwa Zaidi
ya vipindi miwili. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>CCM kama chama tawala
kiwe mfano wa kuwapa kipaumbele na kuweka ulazima wa wanawake waliokaa viti
maalumu kwa zaidi ya vipindi viwili ili wagombee majimboni. Nafahamu kuwa
mabadiliko haya yatapata pingamizi kubwa, hasa kutoka kwa wanawake wenyewe,
lakini ukweli utabaki kuwa ukweli. Hivyo basi, kama njia ya kuwapa motisha
wanawake waliokaa kwenye viti maalumu zaidi ya vipindi viwili, kuwekwe <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hatua
ya mpito,</i></b> kwa wanawake hawa kuhakikishiwa kuwa ikitokea wameshindwa
uchaguzi, basi watapewa kipaumbele katika nafasi za viti maalum zitakazopatikana
kwa CCM. CCM ina fursa ya kuweka <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">ukomo
wa viti maalumu katika kanuni za uchaguzi ambazo naamini zitafanyiwa
marekebisho kuelekea uchaguzi mkuu wa 2020.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Napendekeza pia CCM ielekeze vyombo husika kufanya utafiti na
majadiliano na vyama vya siasa ili kuweka Kanuni zitakazo tumika na vyama vyote
katika kuwapata wanawake viti maalumu kwa kuwa kwa sasa kila chama kina
utaratibu wake, suala linaloibua maswali juu ya upatikanaji wao. Japo inafahamika
kuwa sifa ya mbunge ni kujua kusoma na kuandika, kwa upande wa viti maalumu hatua
kwa hatua ya namna wanawake hawa wanavyopatikana ni muhimu katika kuwapa imani
wananchi juu ya matumizi ya kodi zao kwa ongezeko la idadi ya wabunge wa viti
maalumu. Pia kuhakikisha wanawake wanaochaguliwa wana sifa na uwezo wa kusaidia
kufikia malengo ya kuanzishwa kwa viti hivyo. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Japokuwa maboresho hapo juu, yatavifanya viti maalum kuwa na tija
na hivyo kufikia malengo ya kuanzishwa kwake. Kusipokuwa na juhudi za ziada,
itachukua muda sana kufikia 50/50. Kama baada ya miaka 34 ya kuanzishwa kwa
viti maalumu ni wanawake asilimia 7 tu ndio wameweza kushinda majimbo ya
ubunge, hesabu ya haraka inaonyesha unahitaji miaka mingine 102 ili kuweza
kufika idadi ya asilimia 50 ya wanawake bungeni, na hii ni katika mpangilio wa
asilimia 30 viti maalumu na asilimia 20 kutoka majimboni. Hivyo kama CCM haitachukua
hatua za ziada utekelezaji wa kifungu 168(a) kuhusu 50/50 ifikapo 2020 ni ndoto.
Hivyo, sambamba na uboreshaji wa viti maalum, njia nyingine ya kuongeza idadi
ya wanawake ni kupitia ofisi ya Msajili wa Vyama vya Siasa, ambapo kwa kutumia
sheria mpya ya vyama vya siasa, ambayo inaweka sharti la vyama vya siasa
kuanzishwa na kuendeshwa kwa kuzingatia pamoja na mambo mengine, usawa wa
kijinsia, CCM inaweza kuishauri serikali imshauri Msajili wa Vyama vya siasa
kuweka katika <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">kanuni za sheria ya Vyama vya Siasa</i></b> zinazo endelea kutungwa, kifungu
kinacho hakikisha kuwa asilimia fulani ya wagombea ni wanawake, sana sana
asilimia ishirini, ili kujazia nafasi inayo achwa na viti maalum. Itakuwa jambo
la msingi, NEC wangetenga majimbo asilimia ishirini ambayo watagombea wanawake pekee.
Hivyo kutakuwa na asilimia 30 ya viti maalum, asilimia 20 ya majimbo ambayo
watagombea wanawake hivyo kutimiza 50/50. Mfumo wa kutumia viti maalumu
sambamba na majimbo ya wanawake pekee inatumika katika nchi jirani kama Rwanda na
Kenya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Mbadala wa Viti Maalum<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Japo
viti maalumu vinaweza kuboreshwa kama ilivyopendekezwa hapo juu na kutuletea
50/50, kwa muda mrefu kumekuwa na mjadala kama bado tuna hitaji viti maalumu,
au kama nchi tunaweza kuwa na mfumo bora wa kuwezesha wanaume na wanawake
kushiriki kikamilifu katika ngazi za maamuzi. Nakumbuka imeshasemwa kuwa suala
la katiba mpya, japo muhimu, lakini siyo kipaumbele kwa wakati huu. Hivyo mapendekezo
hapa chini yanajikita kwenye uelewa kuwa yanaweza kuwekwa katika Katiba ya
Jamuhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, 1977 kama mabadiliko madogo (miscellenious
amendment) ili kuweka utaratibu utakaosaidia kuifikia 50/50. Nikiongozwa na
usemi wa ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Msema kweli ni mpenzi wa Mungu</i>.’
Napendekeza kuwa viti maalumu vinahitaji mbadala haraka iwezekanavyo. Asimia 30
ya wanawake bungeni sio lazima iwe viti maalumu, inaweza ikatafsiriwa katika
majimbo na kata, yaani asimilia 30 ya majimbo na kata zote za uchaguzi wagombea
wawe ni wanawake peke yao, kila chama kisimamishe mwanamke kama mgombea katika
majimbo na kata hizo. Na wale wanawake wenye uwezo wa kugombea katika majimbo
yasiyo ya wanawake waruhusiwe kufanya hivyo. Japo pendekezo tajwa hapo juu ni
zuri, lakini halitatufikisha kwenye 50/50 inayo ahidiwa na kifungu cha 168(a)
cha Ilani ya CCM 2015-2010. Hii inanilazimu nitoe hoja mbili kama mbadala wa
viti maalumu; -<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mosi</i>, ni kugawanya idadi ya majimbo na kata zilizopo mara mbili
(ili kutoongeza ukubwa wa bunge/baraza la madiwani). Katika kila jimbo na kata kila
chama kinasimamisha mgombea mwanamke na mwanaume. Mpiga kura anapokuwa
amechagua chama fulani anakuwa amechagua mgombea mwanamke na mwanaume kutoka
chama hicho. Hivyo baada ya uchaguzi unapata uwakilishi wa 50/50 kwa wanawake
na wanaume katika kata na majimbo. Mbadala wa pili, ni kubadili mfumo mzima wa
uchaguzi kutoka utaratibu wa jimbo au kata moja kuwa na mwakilishi mmoja yaani <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">First Past the Post (FPTP)</i> mpaka
uwakilishi wenye uwiano sawa yaani <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Proportional
Representation (PR)</i>. Mfumo huu unatakiwa uende sambamba na sharti la kutaka
orodha ya wawakilishi wa vyama katika majimbo na kata kuwa na idadi sawa ya
wanawake kwa wanaume kwa kufuata mfumo wa pundamilia yaani <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Zebra System</i>. Faida zinazoendana na kuweka mbadala wa viti maalumu,
ni pamoja ya kuiwezesha serikali kuokoa fedha nyingi. Hii ni kwa sababu
wanawake watakuwa wakitokea katika asilimia kadhaa ya majimbo na kata halisi,
na si kama nyongeza juu ya namba halisi ya madiwani au wabunge. Serikali
itaokoa Trilioni za shilingi ambazo zinazitumia sasa katika kulipa mishahara,
posho na vi-inua mgongo kwa wanawake viti maalumu wakiwa kama nyongeza ya
wabunge na madiwani halisi. Pia mbadala huu utaondoa maswali kutoka kwa wana
jamii ya je wanawake viti maalumu wanamwakilisha nani, kwa kuwa sasa watakuwa
wanatokea kwenye majimbo na kata. Watapata haki ya moja kwa moja ya kupata fedha
za maendeleo ya jimbo na wataweza hata kuwa waziri mkuu kwa kuwa wana vigezo. Changamoto
za madiwani viti maalumu kutoruhusiwa kuwa wenyeviti/mameya wa halmashauri na
kamati za kata, na masharti ya kutokuwa wajumbe katika kamati za maadili, fedha,
na kukaimu uwenyekiti wa kamati za maendeleo ya kata zitaondoka. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Hitimisho<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Katika
harakati zangu na kuonana na kuchota maarifa na maono ya watu mbalimbali juu ya
suala hili, kuna mtu alinambia kuwa <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">‘Chama
kina vipaumbele vingi, kama suala halina madhara kwa chama, nguvu na msukumo wa
kufanyia kazi suala hio inakuwa haipo.’</i> Najitolea kupuuza ushauri wake kwa
kuwa naamini suala hili nyeti na lenye tija kwa wanawake, ambao ni walezi wa
taifa hili, wapiga kura wengi na waaminifu. Nina Imani CCM chini ya uongozi wa
Mwenyekiti na Katibu Mkuu wake itafanyia kazi mapendekezo haya. Muda umefika
tufunge huu mjadala ili wote wanawake na wanaume tubaki <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">kuchapa kazi.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Wasalaam- Victoria Lihiru- </b><i><b>Mwanafunzi shahada ya Uzamivu Chuo Kikuu Cape Town, Afrika Kusini. Napatikana kupitia</b> </i></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="mailto:victorialihiru@gmail.com"><i><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">victorialihiru@gmail.com</span></i></a></span><i><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">, <b>+255 713 085 139</b></span></i>Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-43805360848528709212019-01-19T11:32:00.000+03:002019-01-19T11:35:29.306+03:00New Book: Peacebuilding in Contemporary Africa In Search of Alternative Strategies<div style="text-align: justify;">
I am so excited that the edited volume by my Professor Kenneth Omeje, in which I contributed a Chapter on South Sudan has been published by <a href="https://www.routledge.com/" target="_blank">Routledge</a>. I sincerely thank Prof. Omeje who has always trusted me since we first met in 2008. I was his undergraduate student in his Research Methods class. He has since then been my mentor both at the academic and spiritual level. </div>
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My Chapter examines the relapse of South Sudan into armed conflicts and the interest-driven regional rivalries in the country. It contributes to the wider debate of peacebuilding and state building literature in Africa. </div>
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You can order a copy of the book in the <a href="https://www.routledge.com/Peacebuilding-in-Contemporary-Africa-In-Search-of-Alternative-Strategies/Omeje/p/book/9781138492028" target="_blank">link</a> provided. </div>
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The book in general provides a much-need perspective from African scholars and will be of interest to students, researchers, policy makers and practitioners with an interest in promoting legitimate policy interventions and sustainable peace in Africa. </div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jV0Y-hTzIaE/XELerbHAZsI/AAAAAAABq2I/ptWefKds6QQptQkxTFdSz2VuG-BOWUNSgCK4BGAYYCw/s1600/Omeje%2B_Minde%2BBook.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jV0Y-hTzIaE/XELerbHAZsI/AAAAAAABq2I/ptWefKds6QQptQkxTFdSz2VuG-BOWUNSgCK4BGAYYCw/s320/Omeje%2B_Minde%2BBook.jpg" width="212" /></a></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-74119267300535693322018-10-23T11:55:00.000+03:002018-11-07T16:38:18.136+03:00A new kind of challenge<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 24px; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
When the year began, my mind was set out to achieve a number of goals. I however didn’t set my eyes on the challenge I am experiencing now. I was optimistic about the year that lay ahead. I am always optimistic and look forward to any new year with great hope – just like everyone else. Ten months down the line, I have achieved a number of my setout goals. As a PhD student, I completed my course work in July, 2018. I won a research grant in February. I began doing part-time teaching at various local universities in Nairobi. In the months of May and June, two journal articles I co-authored were published. Everything seemed to be going well for me. In August, the editor of the book volume in which I had contributed a chapter wrote to me. The final manuscript was out and I needed to have final look before going to print. In the first week of September, I received an author’s copy of the book. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Amid this great academic success, my personal life was not that great. It was actually unraveling. It is not something that I am going to speak about today. The great accolades and achievements on the academic side meant nothing amidst this life challenge. The smile that I always exuded has faded. Nothing seems normal again. I try and look at the positive side of things. But am reminded of what happened. It is hard. Very hard. I take courage and get encouraged by my close friends. This one friend has been very helpful. A shoulder to cry on and always a call a way. I am grateful for the friendship. As I look forward to the close of the year, am reminded to be thankful of what I have. The joy that comes from being alive and healthy. As a Christian man, I hold to God’s unending love. His mercies endure forever. I know all things work for good to them that love God – because I am called according to his purpose (Romans 8:28).<o:p></o:p></div>
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As I await the PhD Comprehensive Exams in the first week of November, I believe things will have turned around. I now prepare for the exams with anxiety – but with hope. It shall be well. In the fullness of time, there will be a renewal and restoration. It is always the darkest just before the day dawneth. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-5149849011433029622018-08-27T20:17:00.002+03:002018-08-27T20:17:55.195+03:00Kenyatta-Trump Meeting: The 'Big 4'- AGOA Conundrum<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b><i>By Muthuma Njenga</i></b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">President Kenyatta is scheduled to
meet his counterpart POTUS Donald Trump at White House, Washington on <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/statement-press-secretary-visit-president-uhuru-kenyatta-kenya/">Monday
27 August</a>. The much anticipated and hyped meeting presents a chance for the
two head of States to formally engage for the first time since the election of
Donald Trump, with discussions ranging from trade to security issues. The visit
maintains its traditional skewed development nature: Kenya seeking to get more
funding (aid) in its <a href="https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018/04/18/big-four-agenda-mid-income-economy_c1744790">'Big
4</a>' development programmes and regional security initiatives (Somalia
mission). Kenya will also be seeking to maximize on preferential trade deals
and opportunities and signing new ones. This comes at a time when US and China
are locked in tariffs confrontation which could lead to a trade war, in this
scenario Kenya proves to be an important pawn if there were to be a trade war
between the two global economic giants, owing to the fact that Kenya is the
economic gateway to the eastern region of the continent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Trade
discussions are expected to stretch to Africa Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA),
where the US is mulling on replacing 18-year multilateral program with
preferential bilateral programs with respective African states, Kenya being
fronted as one of the first States to benefit from the new program. The
ministries of foreign affairs and trade and industrialization are keen to
clinch the deal which has its shortcomings and poses a threat to 'Big 4'.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4KJN58uTod0/W4QxyOZzh3I/AAAAAAABhNc/F_GnpsmU34UiJGL33rXGPK5QF5vIfiXQQCLcBGAs/s1600/Uhuru%2BKenyatta_Big4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="352" data-original-width="627" height="356" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4KJN58uTod0/W4QxyOZzh3I/AAAAAAABhNc/F_GnpsmU34UiJGL33rXGPK5QF5vIfiXQQCLcBGAs/s640/Uhuru%2BKenyatta_Big4.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">President Uhuru Kenyatta. Picture courtesy </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Under <a href="http://www.president.go.ke/enhancing-manufacturing/">manufacturing pillar</a>,
Textile and leather industries are key sub-sectors which the Kenyan government
want to revive. Their revival terms and solution has been easy: reduce inflow
of cheap second-hand clothes into the country. Prior to the Big 4, EAC head of
States had sought to revive the textile industry in the region. They directed
ministers of trade to draft regulations to guard local textile and leather
products back in 2015. The ministers presented a draft policy document whose
main recommendation was a joint restriction on imported second hand clothes and
shoes. The draft policy was adopted unanimously and was set to be implemented
by 2018. However only Rwanda took the leap of faith and courage by slapping
imported second hand clothes and shoes with the agreed 25% EAC joint tariff.
This causing a possible trade confrontation between <a href="https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2018/07/us-hits-back-at-rwanda-for-imposing-duty-on-second-hand-clothes/">Rwanda
and US</a> (which benefits highly from exporting second hand clothes), where US
threatened to withdraw AGOA privileges from Rwanda.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129;">Kenya
and its two counterparts Uganda and Tanzania choose to stick to a 'pragmatic'
policy of wait and see, and eventually 'chickened out' of the agreed tariff
proposal. Defending Kenya's move former industrialization CS Adan Mohammed
cited effects of the burn to importers and entrepreneurs of mitumba, and also
considering the ultimate consequence; Kenya losing the AGOA privileges where it
benefits greatly by exporting textile and apparels products. which are very
valid justifications, but do not offer a long-term solution to the crippled
local textile and Leather industries.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129;">The Kenyan delegation will be faced
with a great task of balancing between AGOA and Big 4. On big 4, they will seek
funding to revive the local textile industry, and on the other hand the Kenyan
delegation will have to appease the US delegation by caving in on </span><i style="color: #1d2129;">mitumba</i><span style="color: #1d2129;"> restrictions so as to clinch the
new bilateral deal, with the latter likely to carry the day. We might gain one
and loose the other but we will certainly, never gain both.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b><i>Muthuma Njenga</i></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b><i>International Relations Student</i></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b><i>Technical University of Kenya</i></b></span></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-33644494809577542042018-08-18T13:25:00.000+03:002018-08-18T13:25:19.589+03:00Tanzanian Opposition Needs to Remain Steadfast in the struggle for democratic space <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Amid the gloom,
doom and distress over the defection of its members to the ruling party, the
opposition in Tanzania should not relent in their pursuit of competitive multiparty
politics in the country. Over the past few months there has been a plethora of
defections, both at the parliamentarian and councilor levels across mainland
Tanzania. So systematic has been the defection that whenever Humphrey Polepole,
the Ideology Secretary of long time ruling CCM party calls a press conference,
we expect nothing less than another unveiling of an opposition defector. The
most dramatic one was the unveiling of Monduli constituency legislator Julius
Kalanga <a href="http://www.mwananchi.co.tz/habari/Sababu-Polepole--Kalanga-kukutana-usiku-hii-hapa/1597578-4689890-4a7neiz/index.html">late
into the night</a>. It was almost like the European football transfer deadline
frenzy where clubs try and beat the 11:59 PM transfer deadline. Another Chadema
MP Mwita Waitara also announced his defection to the ruling party. He was
received and handed a direct nomination for the Ukonga seat. And just like the
ones who defected before him, smeared and besmirched his former party and its
leader Freeman Mbowe.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7T_E9AIaGb0/W3fztdAblOI/AAAAAAABg5M/5uTKvgRkyI8RpjgdosA1PAMCDmGO69oMgCLcBGAs/s1600/Mbowe%2BChadema.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="571" data-original-width="1024" height="355" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7T_E9AIaGb0/W3fztdAblOI/AAAAAAABg5M/5uTKvgRkyI8RpjgdosA1PAMCDmGO69oMgCLcBGAs/s640/Mbowe%2BChadema.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Chadema leader Freeman Mbowe in a past political rally</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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The politics of
defection is not a new phenomenon. In fact, the opposition was a beneficiary of
high <a href="http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Edward-Lowassa-ditches-CCM-for-opposition-party-Chadema/2558-2812298-jaserk/index.html">profile
defections</a> in the run up to the general elections in 2015. To curb what is
known as party hopping or party switching, advanced democracies world over have
come up with legislations that are restrictive and punitive to the defectors.
There is no doubt that the wave of defections in Tanzania has made a mockery of
the country’s fledgling democracy. With a weak Political Parties Act, a government-controlled
Office of the Registrar of Political Parties, an electoral commission that is
hostage to the ruling party and a parliament that is controlled and dominated
by CCM, it is going to be very hard to build a country with strong democratic
ideals. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Tanzania’s
political culture is still drawn from the Ujamaa legacy. The way people are
politically socialized in Tanzania is as if they are beholden to the ruling
party. The legacy of the single party rule even compelled people to
overwhelmingly propose that Tanzania remain under single party rule when the
Nyalali Presidential Commission that looked into political reforms in the early
1990s. About 80% of the respondents said they wanted the single party rule to
continue. It took the intervention of Mwalimu Nyerere to change things. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The opposition
in Tanzania since the election of President John Magufuli has been crippled
with government restrictive pronouncements and <a href="http://www.thecitizen.co.tz/News/Ukawa-counters-JPM-on-political-activity-ban/1840340-3266502-63xppnz/index.html">periodic
crackdown</a> of its main leaders. President Magufuli <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tanzania-politics-idUSKCN10925G">banned
political rallies</a> until the next election in 2020. Opposition lawmakers
have also been arrested, harassed and embarrassed by the state. Arusha Urban
lawmaker Godbless Lema of Chadema was denied bail and jailed for alleged <a href="http://www.thecitizen.co.tz/News/Glimmer-of-hope-at-last-for-Lema/1840340-3830596-valg61z/index.html">seditious
remarks against the president</a>. Other opposition MPs have also tasted state
wrath with constant arrest and detention. Outspoken Chadema MP Tundu Lissu was
almost assassinated when his car was riddled with bullets in September 2017 in Dodoma.
He is still recuperating in Belgium. His counterpart Joseph Mbilinyi “Sugu” was
also jailed for five months for allegedly <a href="http://www.africanews.com/2018/02/26/tanzania-legislator-jailed-for-defaming-president-magufuli/">insulting
the president</a>. The political space in Tanzania has really shrunk. There is
fear and anxiety among the people. The police force is by effect has become an
extension of the ruling party with constant harassment of opposition leaders
and even journalists. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The systematic coopting
of opposition leaders into the ruling is being facilitated by the electoral
commission – the National Electoral Commission (NEC). The ruling party CCM
gives the defectors direct nomination for the by-election. The by-elections are
characterized by fear, intimidation and electoral fraud with the result being a
free pass for the defector. The recent defections mean another by-election.
These by-elections are very expensive especially to an administration that
rallies on the mantra of ‘cutting down government spending’. When asked about
the cost of the by-election, Mwita Waitara shamelessly <a href="http://mobile.mwananchi.co.tz/Habari/Waitara-asema-gharama-za-kurudia-uchaguzi-h/1597580-4713524-format-xhtml-bogn1gz/index.html">remarked</a>
“the expenses of the elections do not concern me.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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Despite the
testing times, the opposition in Tanzania should weather the storm and not
relent on the struggle for democratic space. The turbulent political times the
country is going through will only awaken the need for political reforms
through a resuscitation of the stalled constitution process. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-4509947417613112962018-08-16T07:37:00.001+03:002018-08-16T07:37:49.124+03:00Uhuru Kenyatta's Foreign Policy; More Assertive and Focused
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">President Uhuru
Kenyatta will in the coming three weeks meet with the world’s <a href="https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Uhuru-to-host-UK-PM-Theresa-May-in-Nairobi/1056-4714286-ghticuz/index.html">top
three nations</a>. He will be hosted by US President Donald Trump at the White
House on 27 August, before playing host to British Prime Minister Theresa May
on 30 August. President Kenyatta will then be hosted by Chinese President in
the first week of September. Speaking on the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9OYOR5En0_w">visits</a>, Kenya’s Foreign
Affairs Cabinet Secretary Ambassador Monica Juma spoke on the importance of the
three countries in relations to President Kenyatta’s <a href="http://www.president.go.ke/enhancing-manufacturing/">Big Four Agenda</a>.
“America is one of our greatest supporters in the counterterrorism effort [],
the discussions are strategic and valuable,” said Amb. Juma. She also spoke on
the special relationship with the UK pointing out that Kenya has favorable
balance of trade between it and its former colonial master.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Since the
election of President Uhuru Kenyatta in 2013, Kenya’s foreign policy has been
more assertive, engaging and strategic. In his first term in office, President
Kenyatta forged a more </span><a href="http://decolanga.blogspot.com/2013/06/uhurus-new-foreign-policy-approach.html" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Afro-centric
foreign policy</a><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">. This can be attributed to the International Criminal Court
(ICC) involvement in Kenya and the subsequent efforts to lobby African states
to defer the Kenya cases. President Kenyatta also made African diplomacy his
key foreign policy objective in his first term in office. To show Kenya’s
African focus diplomacy, the country fronted its Foreign Affairs Cabinet
Secretary Amina Mohammed to contest the position of the African Union Commission.
Despite her losing to Moussa Faki of Chad, it showcased Kenya’s ambition to
cement her Afro-centric foreign policy.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">After his
reelection in 2017, President Kenyatta continued to commit to an Afro-centric
foreign policy. During his inauguration on 28 November 2018, he underscored
Kenya’s commitment to Pan-Africanism with a pledge to all Africans visiting
Kenya to be eligible for a <a href="https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Uhuru-Kenyatta-inauguration-speech-/1056-4206194-t1nh18/index.html">visa
upon arrival</a>. He also promised that all East African will be treated as
Kenyans and they will be free to “work, do business; own property, farm and
[..] and marry and settle in Kenya”. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ILPGXfkvkY8/W3T9ggmenfI/AAAAAAABgxw/96XLXwskpBMm3rMVLLqSBvP3QbpeRv3nwCLcBGAs/s1600/Uhuru%2BXi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="645" data-original-width="860" height="240" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ILPGXfkvkY8/W3T9ggmenfI/AAAAAAABgxw/96XLXwskpBMm3rMVLLqSBvP3QbpeRv3nwCLcBGAs/s320/Uhuru%2BXi.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">President Uhuru Kenyatta with China's President Xi Jinping</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">President
Kenyatta’s appointment of Amb. Monica Juma to head the MFA further reinforces
his foreign policy ambitions. She is a career diplomat and an academic who has written
on Kenya’s peace and security policies. Her entry into the MFA has brought
scholarly rigor into Kenya’s diplomacy. She was instrumental in Kenya’s push to
defer the ICC cases at the African Union – and has been described as an
excellent <a href="http://www.theafricareport.com/East-Horn-Africa/monica-juma-the-brain-behind-kenyas-kenyatta.html">behind
the scenes operator</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Under President
Kenyatta, Kenya has showed that it wants to take charge in regional and
international issues. Through the five diplomatic pillars of Kenya’s foreign
policy, President Kenyatta is going about strengthening Kenyan interests
globally. The meeting with US President Donald Trump will further strengthen
the trade ties between the two states. Kenya also remains America’s key ally in
the region. The meeting with China’s President Xi Jinping in Beijing will also
bolster trade and investments and enhancing manufacturing – which is one of the
President’s Big Four Agenda.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-23041187380246936522018-07-08T21:58:00.000+03:002018-07-08T21:58:35.337+03:00Meeting the erudite Toyin Falola<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
As a young emerging
scholar in Africa, there are several African academics I look up to. Last
semester (Spring, 2018), I was fortunate to be a PhD Teaching Assistant of <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/paul-tiyambe-zeleza-b91ab051/detail/recent-activity/">Prof.
Paul Tiyambe Zeleza</a>. Despite being the Vice Chancellor of our university, <a href="http://www.usiu.ac.ke/">USIU-Africa</a>, Prof Zeleza normally teaches one
class every year. That course is African International Relations. I learned a
lot from him during the course of the semester. Despite it being an
undergraduate class, Prof. Zeleza exposed the students to interesting postcolonial
discourse in Africa. It was part of the extensive readings he shared to the
class that I reconnected with the writings of Professor <a href="http://www.toyinfalola.com/">Toyin Falola</a>, a distinguished African
academic now based at the University of Texas.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Wwkf3eAAdPU/W0Jc0Mj9xcI/AAAAAAABdbI/ncHGF-0rV6kMfZyqunwB5zaLQxHQAUOkgCLcBGAs/s1600/TOFAC-2018-website-banner.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="591" data-original-width="1600" height="118" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Wwkf3eAAdPU/W0Jc0Mj9xcI/AAAAAAABdbI/ncHGF-0rV6kMfZyqunwB5zaLQxHQAUOkgCLcBGAs/s320/TOFAC-2018-website-banner.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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This year, my
university was the host of the Eighth Toyin Falola International Conference on
Africa and the African Diaspora (<a href="http://www.usiu.ac.ke/tofac">TOFAC</a>),
which was first staged at the Nigerian Premier University in Ibadan. This year’s
theme was: Beyond Histoty – African Agency. As a PhD student, it was my dream
to present one of my papers at this conference. I worked on my conference paper
titled “The Individual in Decision Making Theory: Some Perspective on Jakaya
Kikwete’s Presidency in Tanzania.” After the conference opening remarks by the
organizing committee and VC Prof. Zeleza, it was the turn of Prof. Toyin
Falola. It was the first time I was seeing him. He spoke briefly on the
conference theme and the history behind TOFAC. The Guest of Honor was Prof. <a href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/sspp/departments/alc/people/core-staff-kings/funmi-olonisakin.aspx">Funmi
Olonisakin</a> who gave the keynote speech. She touched on the meaning of ‘African
Agency’ – which I <a href="https://twitter.com/decolanga">tweeted</a>
exclusively. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Fmdm_srO-fY/W0Jc_yGz9hI/AAAAAAABdbM/Ps_GQPn6CbIWFRKmzD8cEGPHu--kMjRBACLcBGAs/s1600/IMG_20180704_211221.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="200" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Fmdm_srO-fY/W0Jc_yGz9hI/AAAAAAABdbM/Ps_GQPn6CbIWFRKmzD8cEGPHu--kMjRBACLcBGAs/s200/IMG_20180704_211221.jpg" width="150" /></a>After the short
health break, we broke into the thematic groups. The conference had many themes
ranging from cultural dynamism, Africa and China relations, Africa and
Globalization, Human Rights, Democracy and Leadership issues in Africa and
Diaspora. My paper was under the latter theme. I presented the paper and got
very good feedback which will further enrich my paper. After the first day, I
was happy to finally have a small chat with Prof. Falola. We spoke about the
keynote speech by Prof. Olonisakin, which had generated a lot of debate. We
also spoke about his contribution to the debate earlier that morning – which touched
on the role of the community in African societies, which was now dead. As a
student at the university, I was tasked to take the professor back to his hotel
that evening. I was happy to do that. Dr. David Mwambari, a former lecturer at
USIU-A who was part of the organizing committee also asked me to “take care of
the Professor” and make sure everything was okay until the end of the
conference. The next night, I took the professor to a local joint in Nairobi
for Nyama Choma. We spoke at length about academia, life, publishing, books,
family and many other things. I was curious to understand how he could publish
that much and what his motivation was. <o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
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He told me he
was now working on several <a href="https://www.palgrave.com/gp/palgrave-handbooks">Palgrave Handbooks</a>.
He has published over 100 books and many other academic works. I asked him how
he does this and he responded with a question: “How many days do we have in a
year?” I responded. He replied “Write a page a day, by the end of the year, you
will have a book.” Apart from the academic talk during the four days I stayed
with him, I found out that he was an extremely humorous person. He cracked
jokes to the waiters, hotel porters and the conference participants.<o:p></o:p></div>
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I took him to
Maasai market at the city center on his last day in Nairobi. He was very happy
when he bought some exquisite paintings. “That is my best buy” he said. As a
collector, he says that the paintings are the best he has ever bought. As I
dropped him at the airport on Saturday evening, I realized how much I had
learned a lot from this giant academic. To me, learning is through shared
experiences that is beyond the classroom. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">Nairobi,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">8 July 2018 </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-30617249014642468072018-06-15T20:25:00.000+03:002018-06-15T20:27:04.015+03:00Does Islam need a reformation?<div style="text-align: justify;">
I was teaching my Foreign Policy of Kenya class and in the discussion, one student, a young Somali girl, Halima asked a question regarding Martin Luther King Jr. She asked if he was the same man responsible for the 95 theses that become the foundation of Protestant reformation. The question reminded me of an article written by <a href="https://theintercept.com/staff/mehdi-hasan/" target="_blank">Mehdi Hasan</a> sometimes in 2015. In the article, Mehdi Hassan opined that Islam doesn't need a reformation, like the Christian one that Martin Luther orchestrated <a href="https://www.history.com/topics/martin-luther-and-the-95-theses" target="_blank">against</a> the Catholic Church in 1517. I posed the question to the young Somali girl, who quickly retorted saying "Islam doesn't need a reformation". I sent her the article by Mehdi Hassan. I am sharing Mehdi Hasan's article, which I found very interesting.</div>
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<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-thrd05UoP4o/WyP2RcAWoRI/AAAAAAABccc/rMTW05eU-Pwcmc6ikKv7x9eAIwQY1sgPwCLcBGAs/s1600/Martin%2BLuther_reformation.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="162" data-original-width="311" height="165" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-thrd05UoP4o/WyP2RcAWoRI/AAAAAAABccc/rMTW05eU-Pwcmc6ikKv7x9eAIwQY1sgPwCLcBGAs/s320/Martin%2BLuther_reformation.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Here is the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/may/17/islam-reformation-extremism-muslim-martin-luther-europe" target="_blank">link</a> to the article. </div>
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<br />Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-46614475178350896012018-01-26T19:53:00.001+03:002018-01-26T19:53:11.561+03:00🇺🇦 The Oligarchs - Al Jazeera Investigations<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ughFLQDcI_Q" width="480"></iframe><br /><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "SF Optimized", system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.12px;">For those of us who enjoy documentaries, here is an investigation of how former Ukraine President Viktor Yanukovych and other oligarchs plundered the country. With the help of Western banks and syndicates, their business enterprise is worldwide - Cyprus, Austria, Russia, Tanzania. This is beyond kleptocracy!</span></div>Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-60665930813417603922018-01-20T20:21:00.001+03:002018-01-20T20:21:30.327+03:002018 ARNOVA Africa/AROCSA Conference - Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action<a href="http://www.arnova.org/general/custom.asp?page=arnova_africa#.WmN6jCfSDy0.blogger">2018 ARNOVA Africa/AROCSA Conference - Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action</a>Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-90210542735907362812018-01-08T10:40:00.001+03:002018-01-08T10:43:00.889+03:00Yemen 🇾🇪 | The North-South Divide | Al Jazeera World<div style="text-align: justify;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tXk-k5oA1rs" width="480"></iframe><br /></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "sf optimized" , , , , ".sfnstext-regular" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.12px;">Great documentary detailing the history and politics of Yemen. For students of political unifications, Yemen is an interesting case study</span>One thing is clear, war and conflict cannot remedy situations, if anything it makes it worse. The death of Ali Abdullah Saleh can offer a new beginning in #Yemen.</div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-81983555515153695632018-01-06T20:31:00.000+03:002018-01-06T20:31:54.203+03:00Reading List: Most Popular @AfricaAtLSE Book Reviews 2017<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rBHB-AqiFXw/T_6xrmyFKkI/AAAAAAAAAdo/FsLi6OUfcT0PXbd--zHLQDa5tJuZGPy3ACPcBGAYYCw/s1600/f5682_Gold-Sudan-Bentiu-Heglig-Nuba-Mountains-300.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="300" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rBHB-AqiFXw/T_6xrmyFKkI/AAAAAAAAAdo/FsLi6OUfcT0PXbd--zHLQDa5tJuZGPy3ACPcBGAYYCw/s1600/f5682_Gold-Sudan-Bentiu-Heglig-Nuba-Mountains-300.png" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I once again made it to the LSE Most popular Book Reviews of 2017. The book <i>A Poisonous Thorn in Our Hearts: Sudan and South Sudan's Bitter and Incomplete Divorce</i> by James Copnall ranked 8th in the LSE Book Reviews of 2017. Here is the <a href="http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2017/12/29/reading-list-most-popular-africaatlse-book-reviews-2017/" target="_blank">link </a>to the LSE reading list. </div>
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Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-40722214555650705982018-01-06T20:19:00.000+03:002018-01-06T20:22:27.364+03:00Book Review: Foreign Policy and Leadership in Nigeria: Obasanjo and the Challenge of African Diplomacy by Steve Itugbu<div style="text-align: justify;">
LSE Africa Blog in December, 2017 published a book review I did. </div>
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LByzKx5HRVo/WlEE2juwgdI/AAAAAAABR9s/vpFBMLGY-0ImDhz8IMcV3wpQuX2seCQ3gCLcBGAs/s1600/Itugbu%2527s%2Bbook.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="188" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LByzKx5HRVo/WlEE2juwgdI/AAAAAAABR9s/vpFBMLGY-0ImDhz8IMcV3wpQuX2seCQ3gCLcBGAs/s1600/Itugbu%2527s%2Bbook.jpg" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
...Nicodemus Minde says Steve Itugbu's book is an excellent contribution to the FPA scholarship and especially in understanding the challenges of personalization of foreign policy in Africa. S<a href="http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2017/12/15/book-review-foreign-policy-and-leadership-in-nigeria-obasanjo-and-the-challenge-of-african-diplomacy-by-steve-itugbu/" target="_blank">teve Itigbu's book review</a> can be found at the LSE Book review section. </div>
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Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-61223757468171254882017-12-16T10:32:00.000+03:002017-12-16T10:32:44.615+03:00Nyusi’s abrupt visit to Tanzania: Why Security was the main agenda <div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><b>15 December 2017</b><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Moments after swearing new ministers, Mozambican
President Felipe Jacinto Nyusi made an </span><a href="http://blog.ikulu.go.tz/?p=25184"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">abrupt visit</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">
to Tanzania’s capital Dodoma for one-day state visit. President Nyusi </span><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mozambique-politics/mozambique-president-replaces-energy-and-foreign-ministers-idUSKBN1E70ME"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">sacked</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> four ministers – foreign minister, energy,
industry and trade and agriculture in a surprise move a day earlier. He was met
and welcomed in Dodoma by his Tanzanian counterpart John Magufuli and a host of
other dignitaries. His visit to Tanzania comes at a time when Mozambique is facing
security challenges in the northern province of Cabo Delgado. The Mozambican
government, in late November, 2017 ordered the </span><a href="https://www.businesslive.co.za/bd/world/africa/2017-11-28-mozambique-closes-three-mosques-after-deadly-attacks/"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">closure of three mosques</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> in the city of Pemba after attacks
linked to Islamic extremists. The attacks in October, 2017 saw an attack in
police stations in Mocimboa, a town close to the Tanzanian border. The area is
close to Tanzania’s natural gas rich towns of Mtwara and Lindi. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Through an </span><a href="https://twitter.com/TZ_MsemajiMkuu/status/941355946760114183"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">official</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> government press release, Tanzania says that
Mr. Nyusi’s visit was aimed at strengthening ties between the two countries.
Acknowledging the abruptness of the visit, Mr. Nyusi, thanked his host for his
welcome and spoke on the main agenda of his visit – which included security (at
the border), economic and transport. Speaking in </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXKiPnqD3II&feature=youtu.be"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Kiswahili</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, President Nyusi subtly stressed on
the security challenge at the border. “…we have spoken about those that want to
destabilize the border, we have been welcomed well and I anticipate President
Magufuli’s visit to Mozambique.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-YWGZFAAs1rA/WjTLDXXD26I/AAAAAAABP_s/zumErfWzt5kr4I0JsrwLjjGrQkF8_Uz9gCLcBGAs/s1600/Nyusi%2BMagufuli.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="973" height="315" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-YWGZFAAs1rA/WjTLDXXD26I/AAAAAAABP_s/zumErfWzt5kr4I0JsrwLjjGrQkF8_Uz9gCLcBGAs/s400/Nyusi%2BMagufuli.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">President Nyusi received by President Magufuli in Dodoma [Michuzi Blog]</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">President Nyusi becomes the first head of state
to visit the ‘new’ capital Dodoma. Government relocation to the designated
capital Dodoma has been one of President Magufuli’s action plans after he was
elected president in 2015. On his part, President Magufuli spoke on the </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXKiPnqD3II&feature=youtu.be"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">enduring relationship</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> between the two countries stressing
that his government is committed to deepening trade and economic ties. Thabit
Jacob, a scholar on the political economy of extractive resources believes that
these ties can be enhanced through recent natural gas boom with both countries
planning to build LNG plants in collaboration with international oil companies.
“The threat from Islamic militants, and Tanzanian illegal miners in Niassa as
well as LNG politics could have motivated the visit of President Nyusi,”
observed Thabit Jacob.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">What the visit means<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Longstanding US diplomatic traditions has seen
many American presidents making their first official foreign travels to either
Canada or Mexico. Tanzania’s longstanding ties with Mozambique has also seen
many Tanzanian presidents making their early official visits to Mozambique.
President Magufuli is yet to make an official visit to Mozambique, two years
into his tenure. However, it can be read as a mark of enduring
Tanzania-Mozambique ties for Nyusi to be the first head of state to visit the
‘new’ designated capital, Dodoma. Dastan Kweka, an East African foreign policy
analyst however thinks that Tanzania has often treated Mozambique as a ‘junior’
partner. “When Nyusi was nominated by his party Frelimo as the presidential flagbearer
in 2014, he was hosted by President Kikwete in Tanga. Nyusi now followed
Magufuli to Dodoma, where he was officiating party and national functions,”
observed Dastan Kweka. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Growing security threats linked to organized militancy
within Tanzania (</span><a href="http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Killing-Tanzania-police/2558-3911072-74vekmz/index.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Kibiti</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">) and in Mozambique (Cabo Delgado) means that
the two countries can jointly take security measures aimed at thwarting these
organized networks. The mode of attacks by these ‘terror’ gangs is similar in
both countries. Both in Kibiti and Pemba (Cabo Delgado) these groups are
attacking and killing police officers. In response to the attacks in northern
Mozambique, President Nyusi sacked the head of intelligence and the army as
well as replacing the governor of the northern province of Cabo Delgado. It is
thought that President Magufuli replaced the former Inspector General of Police
(IGP) Ernest Mangu after series of insecurity incidences in the country
including the attacks in Kibiti. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Having discussed the common security challenges
in the two countries, the discussion from the visit mean that both Tanzania and
Mozambique are committed to dealing with insecurity and especially the threat
from Islamic militant groups. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
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<!--StartFragment-->
<!--EndFragment--><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-16295646785560276732017-11-29T20:41:00.000+03:002017-11-30T09:43:56.524+03:00Speculating Magufuli’s absence at Uhuru Kenyatta’s Inauguration<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i>29 November 2017</i><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">As I drove on the Thika Superhighway
on the weekend before Uhuru Kenyatta’s inauguration on Tuesday, the road was
decorated with flags of different countries. At the foot-bridge next to
National Youth Service (NYS) Headquarters, the Tanzanian flag flew sublimely.
Other flags including the Nairobi City Council flag decorated the Thika
Superhighway that headed towards Kasarani, the venue of the inaguration. The
Office of the Government Spokesman in Tanzania, had on 24 November issued a
press statement saying that President John Magufuli <a href="https://twitter.com/TZ_MsemajiMkuu/status/934067246552567808"><span style="color: purple;">would
attend</span></a> Mr. Kenyatta’s swearing in on 28 November. Days before Mr. Kenyatta’s
inauguration, NASA leader Raila Odinga, a close friend to Mr. Magufuli <a href="http://nairobinews.nation.co.ke/news/raila-in-zanzibar-as-supreme-court-upholds-uhuru-win/"><span style="color: purple;">flew
to Zanzibar</span></a>, where it is <a href="http://www.pulselive.co.ke/news/politics/details-of-raila-odingas-trip-in-zanzibar-island-id7632073.html"><span style="color: purple;">reported</span></a>
that the two met. Mr. Odinga’s trip to Zanzibar which came a few days after he
jetted back to Nairobi from an overseas trip sparked debated and controversy.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xiUwMdVWH3k/Wh8K78TN23I/AAAAAAABPAc/9ncpfxg81csq0iwAjvfyLDYcs7uE4qMFgCLcBGAs/s1600/Raila-Uhuru-Magufuli.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="494" data-original-width="640" height="308" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xiUwMdVWH3k/Wh8K78TN23I/AAAAAAABPAc/9ncpfxg81csq0iwAjvfyLDYcs7uE4qMFgCLcBGAs/s400/Raila-Uhuru-Magufuli.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">President Kenyatta, President Magufuli and NASA leader Raila Odinga</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">On the inauguration day, Tanzania’s
State-House issued a press release saying that Vice President Mama Samia Suluhu
Hassan had arrived in Nairobi, where she was to <a href="http://ikulu.go.tz/index.php/media/press_details/4588"><span style="color: purple;">represent</span>
<span style="color: purple;">President</span></a> Magufuli. Several Kenyan media quickly labeled this as a <a href="http://www.nation.co.ke/news/President-Magufuli-s-absence-seen-as-suspicious/1056-4206892-2xt35sz/index.html"><span style="color: purple;">Magufuli
snob</span></a> of the inauguration. Even before the official statement from the
Tanzanian government, there was speculation whether Magufuli would have
attended the swearing in. A few weeks back, Tanzania and Kenya had a frosty
diplomatic incident. The Tanzanian government had auctioned 1,000 cows that
belonged to Maasai pastoralists that had crossed into Tanzania for pasture.
Veterinarians in Tanzania earlier in the month of November burned over 6,000
chicks which had been illegally imported from Kenya. Following the auctioning
of the cows, President Magufuli made <a href="http://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari-41896810"><span style="color: purple;">outrageous remarks</span></a> saying
“Tanzania is not a grazing land for cattle from a neighboring country.” This
statement was not received well in Kenya. Tanzania-Kenya relations have in the
past been frosty and these two episodes in November can explain the relations. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tanzania politics and the 2017 Kenyan Elections</span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">President Magufuli and Mr. Odinga
are close friends since their days as ministers of public works in their
respectful countries. Tanzania’s main opposition party Chadema was known to be
close to Mr. Odinga’s party ODM. In the elections of 2007 and 2013, Chadema
provided campaign support to Mr. Odinga and his party. Tanzania’s ruling party
CCM, though not stated outright, has been friends with Kenya’s ruling parties –
KANU and Mr. Kenyatta’s party Jubilee. Tanzania’s former president Jakaya
Kikwete was seen as a close friend to the Kenyatta government. The defection of
Edward Lowassa from CCM to Chadema in 2015 saw Chadema rescind its support for
Mr. Odinga. Mr. Lowassa was a close friend to Mr. Kenyatta and Chadema’s
retraction from supporting Mr. Odinga and his party ODM was no brainer. As the
old saying goes “a friend of my enemy is my enemy” meant that Chadema had to
shift allegiances as a party and openly <a href="http://www.nation.co.ke/news/Chadema-supports-Uhuru-Kenyatta-Jubilee-Party/1056-3946038-pa25oqz/index.html"><span style="color: purple;">declared
support</span></a> for Kenyatta’s reelection in 2017. CCM as a party remained silent
on this. Mr. Lowassa was invited by the Jubilee Party in a number of campaigns
in Maasai areas, where he campaigned for Kenyatta. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Nw2A0dDgbT0/Wh8Jhm-2DzI/AAAAAAABPAM/WdPoy4XQRTA_aVoJ7-Se7uKWVbSANBzVwCLcBGAs/s1600/Suluhu%2BKenyatta.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="630" data-original-width="1200" height="210" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Nw2A0dDgbT0/Wh8Jhm-2DzI/AAAAAAABPAM/WdPoy4XQRTA_aVoJ7-Se7uKWVbSANBzVwCLcBGAs/s400/Suluhu%2BKenyatta.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tanzanian Vice President Samia Suluhu Hassan with President Uhuru Kenyatta</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">NASA Tallying Center in Tanzania?</span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">During the presidential TV debate,
Mr. Odinga was asked to clarify the allegation that his coalition’s tallying center
was in Tanzania. During this debate skipped by Mr. Kenyatta, Odinga was <a href="http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Raila-Odinga-plays-down-claims-of-tallying-centre-in-Tanzania-/2558-4031440-way8g9/index.html"><span style="color: purple;">evasive</span></a>
and played down the allegation. This episode, though never clarified further
pointed to the closeness between Odinga and Magufuli. It was even speculated
that President Magufuli was offering some campaign logistical support to Mr.
Odinga. Outspoken Kenyan MP <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=158xHKqbDk0"><span style="color: purple;">Moses Kuria</span></a> even said
that Magufuli was conspiring with Raila Odinga to rig the elections. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was evident during the campaign season in
Kenya that Mr. Lowassa and Chadema were courting Mr. Kenyatta and his Jubilee Party
hoping that they would reciprocate in the 2020 elections in Tanzania. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Inauguration Day</span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">After been sworn in, Mr. Kenyatta in
elaborate speech said that Kenya would treat citizens from the East African
community <a href="https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/2017/11/kenya-grant-africans-visas-points-entry-uhuru/"><span style="color: purple;">like
Kenyans</span></a> and that “they will only need a national identification card to
travel, work, do business, own property, farm and even marry and settle in
Kenya.” As he made this pledge, the television cameras beamed at Uganda’s
president Yoweri Museveni and Rwanda’s Paul Kagame. If President Magufuli had
attended, then the television cameras would have focused on him. Tanzania has
been accused of dragging the integration process through restrictive policies.
As a Tanzanian who has grown up and lived in Kenya, this promised by Kenyatta
was a welcome one. “We only hope that Tanzania would reciprocate,” one of my
friends told me. The inauguration was attended by about 47 foreign delegations
and heads of states. At the luncheon at State House, the Israeli Prime Minister
Benjamin Netanyahu met with the African leaders where they discussed various <a href="http://www.nation.co.ke/news/Israel-pledges-to-work-with-Kenya/1056-4207398-21xhyoz/index.html"><span style="color: purple;">bilateral
and multilateral</span></a> issues. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-C4OmehVLTBs/Wh8J8YPb2qI/AAAAAAABPAQ/sATvaWG4mRMF4W3IUOOWCPthtfR5_oI2wCLcBGAs/s1600/MAGUFULI-INAUGURATION_Kenyatta.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="350" data-original-width="630" height="221" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-C4OmehVLTBs/Wh8J8YPb2qI/AAAAAAABPAQ/sATvaWG4mRMF4W3IUOOWCPthtfR5_oI2wCLcBGAs/s400/MAGUFULI-INAUGURATION_Kenyatta.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">President Kenyatta attended Maguguli's inauguration in 2015</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Speculating Magufuli’s absence<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tundu
Lissu in Hospital in Nairobi</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Images of VP Samia Suluhu Hassan
visiting shot opposition MP Tundu Lissu at a Nairobi hospital were released on Tuesday
evening after the inaguration. She was, according to the reports conveying
greetings from President Magufuli. A Financial Times <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/80ae9260-cac5-11e7-ab18-7a9fb7d6163e?segmentid=acee4131-99c2-09d3-a635-873e61754ec6"><span style="color: purple;">newspaper
report</span></a> on the shooting of Tundu Lissu was also released on Tuesday. In the
report, Lissu blamed president Magufuli, where he alleges that it because of
his criticism of his government. Had President Magufuli attended the inauguration,
it was expected that he would have visited Lissu in hospital just like the Vice
President did. “Greet the president, tell him am thankful,” Lissu told Mama
Samia Suluhu. With the FT report, Magufuli’s meeting with Lissu would have been
extremely awkward.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-loqD507j4lo/Wh8KfwhhX3I/AAAAAAABPAY/ecRQqDTCPTEx7xgLkLxM8WP279YF-eVvQCLcBGAs/s1600/lissu-Suluhu.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="668" data-original-width="722" height="370" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-loqD507j4lo/Wh8KfwhhX3I/AAAAAAABPAY/ecRQqDTCPTEx7xgLkLxM8WP279YF-eVvQCLcBGAs/s400/lissu-Suluhu.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">VP Samia Suluhu visits MP Tundu Lissu</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Lowassa as a special guest</span></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mr. Lowassa just like former
President Kikwete were officially invited to the event. Kikwete through his
official <a href="https://twitter.com/jmkikwete/status/935390696361603073"><span style="color: purple;">Twitter
page</span></a> congratulated Uhuru Kenyatta, but said he was not able to attend due
to prior engagement. Having shown support to Kenyatta, Lowassa savored the occasion.
He sat together with his wife Regina at the VIP dais smiling and relaxed –
maybe praying that Mr. Kenyatta will in 2020 attend his inauguration! <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Magufuli had other ‘serious’
engagements</span></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">President Magufuli has recently
lamented that being a president is “frustrating.” As he spoke during his abrupt
visit at the port in Dar es Salaam, Magufuli decried the lack of will to fight
corruption in the country. Since assuming office in 2015, Magufuli has made a
handful of international travels with Ethiopia the furthest he has gone.
Magufuli may just be consumed by domestic obligations which have curtailed his
international travels. His party CCM had just won by a ‘landslide’ in the councilor
elections. Maybe he was savoring the ‘victory’ at home. You never know! </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-79133060920402026152017-11-21T18:41:00.000+03:002017-11-21T18:41:16.029+03:00Comment: The Politics of Party Defection in Tanzania<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "\.SFNSText-Regular"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Political party defection is a sign of unstable party democracy and/or
jockeying for political positions. Defections happen from ruling party to the
opposition and from the opposition to the ruling party. In African fledgling
democracies, party defections are not about ideology or philosophic
underpinnings. Party switching in many African states is largely driven by
ethno-demographic and religious factors. These factors have also informed
political party formation. Party switching is also a strategic political manoeuvring.
Despite Tanzania boasting of national parties, political party strength is
largely regional. We're now witnessing a surge in party defections from across
the parties. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-contextual-alternates: no; mso-fareast-font-family: "\.SFNSText-Regular"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The defection of former PM Edward Lowassa from CCM to Chadema in 2015
was monumental, especially it coming just before a general election. The
election season several high-profile defections. Defections from a dominant
ruling party like CCM to the opposition is always huge. CCM's single party
dominance has continuously been challenged. There has been attempts at opposition
unity and we’re now witnessing defections. CCM is also benefitting from
defections from the opposition. It has become a show of who can reap more from
the defections! <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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run in Tanzania. It is also an indication that despite CCM's dominance, there
is a growing apathy within the party which is causing these defections. With
the opposition losing its members through defections, it means there is something
wrong in their parties. Despite CCM’ dwindling fortunes, opposition switching allegiances
means that it remains a core party whose legacy resonates with the national
character of Tanzania. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-25177876844230560232017-11-20T15:34:00.001+03:002017-11-20T15:34:18.865+03:00Why Kisii Women Make the Best Wives [My wife's take]<div style="text-align: justify;">
My wife sent me this piece in the Standard on why Kisii women make the best wives. I responded that yes, indeed as article <a href="https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/ureport/article/2001260364/five-reasons-why-kisii-women-make-the-best-wives" target="_blank">argues</a>, Kisii women actually make the best wives. Here is the link to the article, which among other things argues that Kisii women are submissive, compassionate, homekeepers, motherly and self reliant. </div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-65780076304121104642017-11-20T15:25:00.000+03:002017-11-20T15:25:07.182+03:00Kenya's Supreme Court Upholds Uhuru Kenyatta's victory<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Supreme Court of Kenya upheld Uhuru Kenyatta's controversial win after it had ordered a fresh elections in a judgement on 1 September 2017. A fresh election which was boycotted by the main opposition NASA, was conducted on 26 October. Uhuru Kenyatta won by 98.2% in an election that witnessed extreme low voter turnout. Two petitions were filed challenging his victory. The Supreme Court, in a unanimous decision concluded that the petitions challenging Mr. Kenyatta's victory lacked merit. </div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-83506510775946930492017-11-15T10:10:00.005+03:002017-11-15T10:10:53.172+03:00Zimbabwe Army Coup? <div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "SF Optimized", system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.12px;">My Facebook Post: Listening to various commentaries on BBC this morning on the situation in Zimbabwe, there is a great pointer to the fact there has been a military coup. One MDC MP even observes that the ousted VP Emerson Mnangagwa might have a hand in the coup. It is alleged Mnangagwa met the army general Chiwenga. The analysis is that the military cannot allow Grace Mugabe to succeed the husband because she didn't take part in the liberation war. Grace is the architect of the fall of Mnangwagwa. This is just a prelude to what will happen after Bob is gone. Murky! </span><a class="_58cn" data-ft="{"tn":"*N","type":104}" href="https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/zimbabwe?source=feed_text&story_id=10212567474635316" style="background-color: white; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: "SF Optimized", system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.12px; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="_5afx" style="direction: ltr; font-family: inherit; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span aria-label="hashtag" class="_58cl _5afz" style="color: #4267b2; font-family: inherit; unicode-bidi: isolate;">#</span><span class="_58cm" style="font-family: inherit;">Zimbabwe</span></span></a><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "SF Optimized", system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.12px;"></span><a class="_58cn" data-ft="{"tn":"*N","type":104}" href="https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/zanupf?source=feed_text&story_id=10212567474635316" style="background-color: white; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: "SF Optimized", system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.12px; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="_5afx" style="direction: ltr; font-family: inherit; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span aria-label="hashtag" class="_58cl _5afz" style="color: #4267b2; font-family: inherit; unicode-bidi: isolate;">#</span><span class="_58cm" style="font-family: inherit;">ZANUPF</span></span></a></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-34761882433268922062017-11-09T23:12:00.002+03:002017-11-09T23:12:58.938+03:00Analysis: Lebanon prime minister's resignationMarwan Bishara analyses Lebanon <span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; white-space: pre-wrap;">PM Saad Hairi’s <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkzBQ4zcCfo" target="_blank">resignation</a>.</span>Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-62826311805988672162017-10-31T11:54:00.005+03:002017-10-31T11:54:55.588+03:00#KenyaElectionDiaries: One Election; Two tales<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "SF Optimized", system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.12px;">I had gone to refill my cooking gas at Githurai when the news that Uhuru Kenyatta had been announced as winner in the re-run elections broke. Jubilant tunes and dance broke. Matatus and Bodaboda hooted, men, women and children whistled in delight. The Kenyan flags where being sold at 50 bob. The jubilee flags were free! They all danced in jubilation. I met a former security guard of USIU who was rather gloomy and unperturbed by the celebration. I asked him subtly what the celebration was all about. He grinned and said "Uhuru wao ameshinda". The few people I interacted with spoke to me in Kikuyu. I smiled and told them "Tano tena" As I drove off towards the now crowded Githurai roundabout they chanted "Tanzania Tuko Pamoja" when they saw my car registration. I put on the hazard lights and hooted as I drove off! </span><a class="_58cn" data-ft="{"tn":"*N","type":104}" href="https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/kenyaelectiondiaries?source=feed_text&story_id=10212451017963972" style="background-color: white; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: "SF Optimized", system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.12px; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="_5afx" style="direction: ltr; font-family: inherit; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span aria-label="hashtag" class="_58cl _5afz" style="color: #4267b2; font-family: inherit; unicode-bidi: isolate;">#</span><span class="_58cm" style="font-family: inherit;">KenyaElectionDiaries</span></span></a></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-43656649984250520782017-10-30T13:37:00.000+03:002017-10-30T13:37:11.412+03:00Lazaro Nyalandu Ajiondoa CCM<div style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "SF Optimized", system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.12px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;">
Kutoka Ukurasa wa Facebook wa <a href="https://www.facebook.com/LazaroNyalanduMP/videos/1552419371480813/" target="_blank">Lazaro Nyalandu </a></div>
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NIMEAMUA kujiuzulu NAFASI yangu ya Ujumbe wa Halmashauri Kuu ya Chama Cha Mapinduzi CCM, pamoja na nafasi zote za Uongozi ndani ya Chama kuanzia leo, Oktoba 30, 2017.</div>
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HALIKADHALIKA, asubuhi ya leo nimemwandikia Spika wa Bunge, Mh. Job Ndugai, Mb., barua ya kujiuzulu nafasi yangu ya UBUNGE wa Jimbo la Singida Kaskazini kupitia tiketi ya CCM, nafasi ambayo nimeitumikia kwa vipindi vinne mfululizo tangu nilipochaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo mwaka 2000 hadi Sasa.</div>
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AIDHA, Nimechukua UAMZI huo kutokana na kutorishwa kwangu na mwenendo wa hali ya Kisiasa nchini, ikiwa ni pamoja na ukiukwaji wa HAKI za Kibinadamu, ongezeko la vitendo vya dhuluma wanavyofanyiwa baadhi ya watanzania wenzetu, na kutokuwepo kwa mipaka ya wazi kati ya MIHIMILI ya dola (Serikali, Bunge, na Mahakama) kunakofanya utendaji kazi wa Kibunge wa Kutunga Sheria na wa Kuisimamia Serikali kutokuwa na uhuru uliainishwa na kuwekwa bayana KIKATIBA.</div>
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VILEVILE, Naamini kwamba bila Tanzania kupata Katiba Mpya Sasa, hakuna namna yeyote ya kuifanya mihimili ya dola isiingiliane na kuwepo kwa ukomo wa wazi na kujitegemea kwa dhahiri kwa mihimili ya Serikali, Bunge na mahakama ambayo ndio chimbuko la Uongozi Bora wa nchi, na kuonesha kwa uwazi kuwa madaraka yote yatokana na wananchi wenyewe, na kwamba Serikali ni ya Watu kwajili ya Watu.</div>
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MIMI Naondoka na kukiacha Chama Cha Mapinduzi CCM, nikiwa nimekitumikia kuanzia ngazi ya Uenyekiti wa UVCCM Mkoa, Ujumbe wa Kamati za Siasa Wilaya na Mkoa, Ujumbe wa Kamati ya Wabunge Wote wa CCM na Mjumbe wa Halmashauri Kuu ya CCM TAIFA, kwani nimejiridhisha kuwa kwa mwenendo wa hali ya kisiasa, kiuongozi na kiuchumi uliyopo Tanzania Sasa, CCM imepoteza mwelekeo wake wa kuisimamia Serikali kama ilivyokuwa hapo awali. AIDHA, Naamini kuwa, kama ilivyotokea kwa mihimili ya Bunge na Mahakama kutokuwa na uhuru kamili, bila kuingiliwa kiutendaji kwa namna Moja au nyigine, CCM nayo imekuwa Chini ya miguu ya dola badala ya chama kushika hatamu na kuikosoa Serikali inapobidi kama yalivyokuwa maono ya Baba wa TAIFA MWALIMU Julius Kambarage Nyerere.</div>
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HIVYOBASI, kwa dhamira yangu, na kwa uamuzi wangu mwenyewe, nikiwa na haki ya KIKATIBA, natangaza KUKIHAMA Chama Cha Mapinduzi CCM leo hii, na nitaomba IKIWAPENDEZA wanachama wa Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo CHADEMA, basi waniruhusu kuingia MALANGONI mwao, niwe mwanachama, ili kuungana na CHADEMA na watanzania wote wanaopenda kuleta mabadiliko ya kisiasa na kiuchumi nchini kwa kupitia mfumo wa ki demokrasia na uhuru wa mawazo.</div>
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VILEVILE, nimemua kujiuzulu KITI Cha Ubunge, Jimbo la Singida Kaskazini kuruhusu kufanyika kwa UCHAGUZI mwingine ili wananchi wapate fursa ya kuchagua ITIKADI wanayoona inawafaa kwa majira na nyakati hizi zenye changamoto lukuki nchini Tanzania. Ni imani yangu, kamwe hayatakuwa ya bure maneno haya, wala uamuzi huu niufanyao mbele ya Watanzania leo ili kwamba, SOTE kama TAIFA tuingie kwenye mjadala wa kuijenga upya misingi ya nchi yetu. Ni maombi yangu kwa MUNGU kuwa Haki itamalaki Tanzania. Upendo, amani na mshikamano wa watu wa imani zote za dini, mitazamo yote ya kiitikadi za Kisiasa, na makabila yote nchini uimarike. Tushindane ki sera na kuruhusu tofauti za mawazo, lakini tubaki kama ndugu, na TAIFA lililo imara na nchi yenye ADILI.</div>
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<a class="_58cn" data-ft="{"tn":"*N","type":104}" href="https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/munguibarikitanzania?source=feed_text&story_id=1552419371480813" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.12px; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="_5afx" style="direction: ltr; font-family: inherit; unicode-bidi: isolate;"><span aria-label="hashtag" class="_58cl _5afz" style="color: #4267b2; font-family: inherit; unicode-bidi: isolate;">#</span><span class="_58cm" style="font-family: inherit;">MunguIbarikiTanzania</span></span></a><span style="letter-spacing: -0.12px;">.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: -0.12px;">Lazaro S. Nyalandu.</span></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-606235397481911512017-10-27T22:07:00.001+03:002017-10-27T22:07:08.101+03:00Reflections from the African Studies Association of Africa (ASAA) Conference, Accra, Ghana [October, 2017]<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Nicodemus
Minde </span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">United States
International University </span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">–</span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> Africa<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The conference [October 12-14, 2017] was an excellent opportunity to debate the Africa</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">’</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">s
standing in global politics. The conference stimulated my interest in the
discussion around African studies, Africa</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">’</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">s
agency in international relations and place of local agencies in conflict
management and peacebuilding. The panel that I presented was titled </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The
future of Peacebuilding: Security, governance and transitional justice in
post-colonial Africa.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> This panel among other things debated the potency of
Western-led and state-centric approaches to peacebuilding and transitional justice
in Africa. In my paper presentation </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Peacebuilding through
Transitional Justice in South Sudan: Challenges and Prospects</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, I
critiqued the liberal peace thesis in the peacebuilding agenda in South Sudan.
I also critiqued the timing of transitional justice in post-conflict South
Sudan arguing that it was rushed. Building on the thematic area of our panel, I
also looked at the role of the local agency in peacebuilding. The resulting
discussion was on the need for a careful balance between Western approaches to
peacebuilding with those that we refer as traditional. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria Math",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">I participated in many
other panels which among other things looked at decolonizing academia, deconstructing
and reimaging educational systems, democratic consolidation and discourses of development.
All panels managed to stimulate debate and discussion on the place of Africa in
global politics. For me the best debate came from Emeritus Professor Jacob
Gordon of University of Kansas who presented on the role of ASAA in African
Studies. Prof. Gordon averred that unless ASAA develops its capacity it cannot
influence anything in the global arena. He challenged the role of ASAA and
prescribed ways it can be able to resuscitate African intellectualism.</span><!--EndFragment--></div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1015640219274512481.post-8030152466448915262017-10-26T11:53:00.002+03:002017-10-26T11:53:06.408+03:00Worth Sharing: [“Who Are We and Whose Are We?”: Professor Ampofo’s Inaugural Address at Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences]<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
Often, when people talk about identity they refer to individual identity. Recently, however, the focus is shifting to look more closely at the concept of national identity and its impact on individual identity. In her <strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.cihablog.com/ciha-blog-co-chair-prof-akosua-adomako-ampofo-honored-newly-elected-ghana-academy-arts-sciences-fellow/" style="border: 0px; color: #fa8b00; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">inaugural address as a Fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences</a></strong>, Professor Akosua Adomako Ampofo, a Co-Editor of this Blog, spoke on how some aspects of national identity are impacted by the dwindling image people have of themselves as Ghanaians. Her lecture touched on some aspects of national identity such as food, language, architecture, clothing and artefacts which are significant for a people’s national identity, including Ghanaians. She suggested what others are doing and some of the specific ways in which we can re-claim a people’s national identity.</div>
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Language, an embodiment of a people’s culture and identity was one of the issues Professor Ampofo discussed at length. Like most African countries, Ghana has many local languages. It is therefore surprising that not even one of these languages is legitimized as a national language. She noted this lack of respect and attention given to Ghanaian languages and suggested this was implicated in the country’s dire socio-economic status. She observed that the insistence on the use of foreign colonial languages, English and French, cuts out a huge portion of the population who are most fluent and comfortable in their own local languages. She sees the exclusion of Ghanaian languages as a reflection of the negative attitude towards local things. This echoes a point made severally by our friend and colleague, <strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.cihablog.com/news-ngugi-wa-thiongo-trial-dedan-kimathi-decolonizing-mind/" style="border: 0px; color: #fa8b00; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Professor Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o</a>. </strong>While the issue of selecting one local language as a national language still remains a thorny issue, the fact that other African countries like Tanzania, South Africa and Kenya have been able to do this is a reminder to any doubters that an official national African language is possible.</div>
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On architecture, Professor Adomako Ampofo was surprised that architectural designs that favour the local climate have been abandoned in favour of those that do not suit the warm and humid climate in the tropics. During a period when there is no electricity, a visit to most of these buildings with so-called “modern” architectural designs will leave one wondering whether the goal of putting up the building was to simply showcase the architect’s ability to design a sophisticated edifice, or for the building to be used as a working or living space. This is due to the unbearable heat one has to endure during such “unforeseen” times, as if the architect had forgotten which part of the world they were designing the building for! Most Ghanaians who grew up in their grandmother’s village houses well remember that even without air conditioners, all one needs to do is open the windows and the house is filled with enough breeze to make one wrap him/herself in a blanket, especially at dawn. The secret to this is simple: the houses were built in such a way that the windows are positioned in the direction of the wind to enhance circulation in the rooms and to enhance the passage of the wind. Some houses, also had sophisticated technologies such as water reservoirs beneath the building. Harvesting water beneath the house and strategic positioning of windows in the design of the house, greatly contributes to the cool temperatures within these so-called “primitive” houses.</div>
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Professor Ampofo expressed regret that such fine architectural styles have been abandoned in place of western ones. In most parts of Ghana now, especially the urban areas, putting up concrete buildings with glazed windows and doors is seen as a sign of prestige. These glass windows, however, contribute to heat retention and result in a high demand for ceiling fans and air conditioners with a resultant increase in demand for power to run these electrical devices in homes and offices.</div>
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The significant connection between food and culture is embodied in the saying “you are what you eat.” The definitive attribute of food in addition to its health value cannot be lost on anyone. Food has always been an important aspect of culture. Professor Ampofo wondered why with all the healthy food we have in Ghana the nation spends billions of Ghana Cedis importing polished rice. Let’s conveniently forget about the fact that it has been scientifically proven that the locally grown rice is much healthier. Professor Ampofo was also astounded as to why people would prefer to patronize junk food imported from abroad rather than consume the nutritious locally prepared foods available. All these, she saw as a loss of part of our identity as Ghanaian.</div>
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With respect to clothing, she pondered why local fabrics and designs have been abandoned for foreign imported clothes and designs. She also questioned why our monuments are being left to the vagaries of the weather when they are an important aspect of our history and identity. The destruction of some significant Ghanaian artworks and the absence of museums of art and culture to preserve those that remain is of huge concern to her since with time, all traces of the artistic background will be lost and replaced by European or American ones.</div>
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Professor Ampofo however believes there is still hope; all is not lost for the reclamation of Ghanaian identity. As Maya Angelou once said “History, despite its wrenching pain, cannot be unlived, but if faced with courage, need not be lived again.” Ghanaian culture has faced some challenges and might have lost some of its gloss but as Maya Angelou says if we face the reality of the challenge with courage, the future will be better than the present. Professor Ampofo concluded her presentation with a call for a return to the country’s indigenous ways of doing things and a perfection of these indigenous ways as a way of positioning them as sustainable substitutes to the current options available.</div>
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Shared from <a href="http://www.cihablog.com/whose-professor-ampofos-inaugural-address-ghana-academy-arts-sciences/" target="_blank">CIHA Blog</a>.</div>
Nico Mindehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11646350613239571801noreply@blogger.com0